Programming Languages!
TIOBE Index for December 2013
December Headline: Transact-SQL programming language of 2013?
There is only one more month to go before TIOBE will announce its programming language of the year. There seem to be only 4 candidates left for this award. Transact-SQL is the biggest favorite with an increase of +1.30% in one year. Other candidates are Visual Basic .NET (+0.80%), JavaScript (+0.53%) and F# (+0.41%). Since the differences are less than 1 percent everything can happen still.
As of this month we have published our new layout for the TIOBE index for the first time. Most important improvement is the interactive trend chart. You can hover over the trends and select/unselect languages. The next few weeks/months we will add all other functionality that is missing now. One other important change is that the sum of the ratings of all languages is now 100%. In the past the sum of the first 50 languages was 100%. Due to this change the ratings of most languages dropped a bit.
The TIOBE Programming Community index is an indicator of the popularity of programming languages. The index is updated once a month. The ratings are based on the number of skilled engineers world-wide, courses and third party vendors. Popular search engines such as Google, Bing, Yahoo!, Wikipedia, Amazon, YouTube and Baidu are used to calculate the ratings. Observe that the TIOBE index is not about the best programming language or the language in which most lines of code have been written.
The index can be used to check whether your programming skills are still up to date or to make a strategic decision about what programming language should be adopted when starting to build a new software system. The definition of the TIOBE index can be found here
| Dec 2013 | Dec 2012 | Change | Programming Language | Ratings | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | C | 17.890% | -0.81% | |
| 2 | 2 | Java | 17.311% | -0.26% | |
| 3 | 3 | Objective-C | 10.202% | -0.91% | |
| 4 | 4 | C++ | 8.268% | -0.94% | |
| 5 | 5 | C# | 5.620% | +0.07% | |
| 6 | 6 | PHP | 5.281% | -0.26% | |
| 7 | 7 | (Visual) Basic | 3.752% | -1.42% | |
| 8 | 8 | Python | 2.210% | -1.64% | |
| 9 | 21 |  |
Transact-SQL | 1.877% | +1.30% |
| 10 | 11 |  |
JavaScript | 1.852% | +0.53% |
| 11 | 15 | |
Visual Basic .NET | 1.688% | +0.80% |
| 12 | 9 |  |
Perl | 1.072% | -1.10% |
| 13 | 10 | |
Ruby | 0.932% | -0.80% |
| 14 | 17 | |
MATLAB | 0.708% | +0.10% |
| 15 | 12 | |
Delphi/Object Pascal | 0.691% | -0.29% |
| 16 | 13 | |
Lisp | 0.598% | -0.35% |
| 17 | 20 | |
PL/SQL | 0.598% | +0.02% |
| 18 | 14 |  |
Pascal | 0.591% | -0.30% |
| 19 | 19 | Assembly | 0.583% | +0.00% | |
| 20 | 47 | |
F# | 0.568% | +0.41% |
Other programming languages
The complete top 50 of programming languages is listed below. This overview is published unofficially, because it could be the case that we missed a language. If you have the impression there is a programming language lacking, please notify us at tpci@tiobe.com.
| Position | Programming Language | Ratings |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | SAS | 0.562 |
| 22 | D | 0.552 |
| 23 | Logo | 0.489 |
| 24 | COBOL | 0.441 |
| 25 | Lua | 0.426 |
| 26 | C shell | 0.393 |
| 27 | Fortran | 0.388 |
| 28 | ABAP | 0.387 |
| 29 | Tcl | 0.374 |
| 30 | PostScript | 0.368 |
| 31 | Scala | 0.342 |
| 32 | Ladder Logic | 0.339 |
| 33 | Ada | 0.322 |
| 34 | PL/I | 0.305 |
| 35 | Go | 0.263 |
| 36 | RPG (OS/400) | 0.253 |
| 37 | Bash | 0.250 |
| 38 | R | 0.249 |
| 39 | Common Lisp | 0.244 |
| 40 | ML | 0.241 |
| 41 | OpenEdge ABL | 0.238 |
| 42 | ActionScript | 0.231 |
| 43 | Max/MSP | 0.228 |
| 44 | cT | 0.223 |
| 45 | VBScript | 0.221 |
| 46 | Emacs Lisp | 0.220 |
| 47 | Groovy | 0.218 |
| 48 | Scheme | 0.210 |
| 49 | JScript.NET | 0.197 |
| 50 | Haskell | 0.195 |
The Next 50 Programming Languages
The following list of languages denotes #51 to #100. Since the differences are relatively small, the programming languages are only listed (in alphabetical order).
- (Visual) FoxPro, 4th Dimension/4D, Alice, Automator, Awk, bc, BlitzMax, Bourne shell, C++/CLI, CFML, cg, CL (OS/400), Clean, Clojure, DiBOL, Erlang, Factor, Forth, GNU Octave, Icon, Inform, Informix-4GL, Io, J, J#, JavaFX Script, LabVIEW, M4, Magic, Modula-2, Modula-3, Moto, NATURAL, NXT-G, OCaml, Oz, PILOT, Processing, Prolog, Pure Data, Q, S, S-PLUS, Scratch, Seed7, Standard ML, TOM, VHDL, X10, Z shell